Recombinant Human Girdin (CCDC88A), partial

貨號(hào)：

CSB-EP666322HU
規(guī)格：

￥2328
圖片：
(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
其他：

產(chǎn)品詳情
產(chǎn)品評(píng)價(jià)
相關(guān)產(chǎn)品
靶點(diǎn)詳情

產(chǎn)品詳情

純度：

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
基因名：

CCDC88A
Uniprot No.：

Q3V6T2
種屬：

Homo sapiens (Human)
蛋白長(zhǎng)度：

Partial
來(lái)源：

E.coli
分子量：

16.1 kDa
表達(dá)區(qū)域：

1713-1823aa
氨基酸序列

SLSVSSDFLGKDKPVSCGLARSVSGKTPGDFYDRRTTKPEFLRPGPRKTEDTYFISSAGKPTPGTQGKIKLVKESSLSRQSKDSNPYATLPRASSVISTAEGTTRRTSIHD
Note: The complete sequence may include tag sequence, target protein sequence, linker sequence and extra sequence that is translated with the protein sequence for the purpose(s) of secretion, stability, solubility, etc.
If the exact amino acid sequence of this recombinant protein is critical to your application, please explicitly request the full and complete sequence of this protein before ordering.
蛋白標(biāo)簽：

N-terminal 6xHis-tagged
產(chǎn)品提供形式：

Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Note: We will preferentially ship the format that we have in stock, however, if you have any special requirement for the format, please remark your requirement when placing the order, we will prepare according to your demand.
緩沖液：

If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose.
復(fù)溶：

We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20℃/-80℃. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
儲(chǔ)存條件：

Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
保質(zhì)期：

The shelf life is related to many factors, storage state, buffer ingredients, storage temperature and the stability of the protein itself.
Generally, the shelf life of liquid form is 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. The shelf life of lyophilized form is 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
貨期：

Delivery time may differ from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
注意事項(xiàng)：

Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
Datasheet & COA：

Please contact us to get it.

產(chǎn)品評(píng)價(jià)

靶點(diǎn)詳情

功能：

Bifunctional modulator of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). Acts as a non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor which binds to and activates guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) alpha subunits. Also acts as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha GNAS. Essential for cell migration. Interacts in complex with G(i) alpha subunits with the EGFR receptor, retaining EGFR at the cell membrane following ligand stimulation and promoting EGFR signaling which triggers cell migration. Binding to Gi-alpha subunits displaces the beta and gamma subunits from the heterotrimeric G-protein complex which enhances phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent phosphorylation and kinase activity of AKT1/PKB. Phosphorylation of AKT1/PKB induces the phosphorylation of downstream effectors GSK3 and FOXO1/FKHR, and regulates DNA replication and cell proliferation. Binds in its tyrosine-phosphorylated form to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) regulatory subunit PIK3R1 which enables recruitment of PIK3R1 to the EGFR receptor, enhancing PI3K activity and cell migration. Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neuron integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Inhibition of G(s) subunit alpha GNAS leads to reduced cellular levels of cAMP and suppression of cell proliferation. Essential for the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton. Required for formation of actin stress fibers and lamellipodia. May be involved in membrane sorting in the early endosome. Plays a role in ciliogenesis and cilium morphology and positioning and this may partly be through regulation of the localization of scaffolding protein CROCC/Rootletin.
基因功能參考文獻(xiàn)：
1. Results showed a role of Girdin in the collective invasion of skin cancer cells, where it interacts with beta-catenin. Also, Girdin is indispensable for stable cell-cell interaction, supracellular cytoskeletal organization, and the collective migration of cancer. PMID: 30194792
2. Study revealed that the downregulation of the expression of Girdin can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells through decrease in proinflammatory cytokine production and inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling. PMID: 29989653
3. Girdin may regulate cell processes. PMID: 29901184
4. The engulfment of platelets assisted in delaying the aging of endothelial cells via girdin and pgirdin, in which the AKT signal was involved. PMID: 29786109
5. Girdin can regulate glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1alpha signaling pathway, which decreases the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy. PMID: 28810896
6. Girdin expression may serve as a useful prognostic factor for invasive breast cancer, especially for the HER2 subtype. PMID: 28818465
7. The present study therefore suggests a role for Girdin as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer, independent of subtype. PMID: 28713924
8. GIV is a bifunctional modulator of G proteins; it serves as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for Galphas using the same motif that allows it to serve as a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor for Galphai PMID: 27621449
9. GIV (Girdin) expression status predicts recurrence risk in patients with T3 pMMR stage II colon cancer. PMID: 27029492
10. Results show that high CCDC88A expression in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues is correlated with poor prognosis. Also, the findings suggest that CCDC88A can promote PDAC cell migration and invasion through a signaling pathway that involves phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of many proteins. PMID: 27919290
11. Here, theauthors identify GIV/Girdin as a novel effector of AMPK, whose phosphorylation at a single site is both necessary and sufficient for strengthening mammalian epithelial tight junctions and preserving cell polarity and barrier function in the face of energetic stress. PMID: 27813479
12. On the basis of the differential prognostic impact of tGIV/pYGIV within each molecular subtype, we propose a diagnostic algorithm PMID: 27440794
13. Results show that Girdin is important for formation and function of invadopodia enhanced by Dlg5-silencing in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PMID: 28390157
14. Tyrosine Phosphorylation of an Actin-Binding Protein Girdin Specifically Marks Tuft Cells in Human and Mouse Gut PMID: 28375676
15. Overexpression of girdin is associated with invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 27623945
16. Heterotrimeric G protein signaling via GIV/Girdin is a ubiquitous mechanism in health and disease, and can be a target for molecular therapies. (Review) PMID: 26879989
17. miR-101 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma through downregulating Girdin. PMID: 26743900
18. Phosphorylation of GIV at Tyr-1764/Tyr-1798 is also required to enhance PI3K-Akt signaling and tumor cell migration in response to integrin stimulation, indicating that GIV functions in Tyr(P)-dependent integrin signaling. PMID: 26887938
19. CCDC88A is essential for multiple aspects of normal development and loss of CCDC88A is a cause of the PEHO syndrome phenotype. PMID: 26917597
20. GIV is an essential upstream component that couples InsR to G-protein signaling to enhance the metabolic insulin response, and impairment of such coupling triggers IR. PMID: 26378251
21. Girdin regulates the migration and invasion of glioma cells via the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. PMID: 26151295
22. The expression of Girdin protein in invasive breast cancer is strongly associated with lymph node metastasis. PMID: 24155038
23. GIV expression is up-regulated in liver after fibrotic injury and is required for hepatic stellate cells activation.Girdin is a central hub for profibrogenic signalling networks during liver fibrosis. PMID: 25043713
24. TAT-GIV peptides provide a novel and versatile tool to manipulate Galphai activation downstream of growth factors in a diverse array of pathophysiologic conditions. PMID: 25926659
25. transcriptional upregulation of Girdin expression and Girdin-Galphai3 signaling play crucial roles in regulating epithelial apicobasal polarity through the PAR complex. PMID: 25977476
26. GIV directly and constitutively binds the exocyst complex subunit Exo-70 and also associates with GLUT4-storage vesicles (GSVs) exclusively upon insulin stimulation. PMID: 26514725
27. Expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-assicated factor 4 correlates with expression of Girdin and promotes nuclear translocation of Girdin in breast cancer PMID: 25591657
28. GIV and its substrate Galphai3 are recruited to active integrin complexes PMID: 26391662
29. the positive expression rate of Girdin in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was 67.5%, higher than that found in adjacent tissues of 16.7% PMID: 25755745
30. findings suggest that the STAT3/Girdin/Akt pathway activates in osteoblasts in response to mechanical stimulation and may play a significant role in triggering osteoblast proliferation and migration during orthodontic treatment PMID: 26163263
31. Girdin regulates the trafficking of VE-cadherin in synergy with R-Ras. PMID: 25869066
32. Both SH2 and GEF domains of GIV are required for the formation of a ligand-activated ternary complex between GIV, Galphai3, and EGFR. PMID: 25187647
33. The study shows that girdin is phosphorylated on tyrosine 1798 when associated with structures required for migration. PMID: 25707853
34. The review discusses how GIV assembles alternative signaling pathways by sensing cues from various classes of surface receptors and relaying them via G protein activation. The dysregulation of this mechanism in disease is discussed. [review] PMID: 25605737
35. Findings demonstrate that Dlg5 interacts with and inhibits the activity of Girdin, thereby suppressing the migration of prostate cancer cells. PMID: 24662825
36. Girdin knockdown enhances chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin via TOP2B down-regulation. PMID: 25009397
37. This study showed that reduction of Girdin, an actin-binding protein, leads to impaired cell migration, adhesion, and invasion of human glioblastoma cells. PMID: 25060559
38. These results reveal that girdin regulates selective clathrin-mediated endocytosis via a mechanism involving dynamin 2, but not by operating as a cargo-specific adaptor. PMID: 25061227
39. This study identified a novel GWS association (1.17 x 10(-10)) mapped to chromosome 2 at rs1437396, between MTIF2 and CCDC88A, across all of the EA and AA cohorts. PMID: 24166409
40. Girdin was identified as a new and major regulator of the insulin signal in myoblasts and skeletal muscle. PMID: 23886629
41. Up-regulated autophagy was negatively associated with Girdin level. There was a significant correlation between Girdin expression and lymph nodes metastasis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. PMID: 24326843
42. The levels of Girdin expression correlated inversely with the survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. PMID: 23588413
43. These results demonstrate that girdin and its phosphorylation play an important role in neonatal vascular development and in pathological neovascularization in the retina. PMID: 23195430
44. Girdin protein may be a potential new distant metastasis biomarker of breast cancer PMID: 22116776
45. Our findings define EEA1 endosomes as major sites for proliferative signaling and establish that Galphas and GIV regulate EEA1 but not APPL endosome maturation PMID: 23051738
46. p-Girdin expression is closely correlated with the malignant progression of breast cancer. PMID: 22780975
47. STAT3 activation is directly integrated with the receptor tyrosine kinase-GIV-G protein signaling axis. PMID: 23066027
48. The Girdin protein may be a potential new early liver metastasis biomarker of colorectal cancer. PMID: 22714912
49. These data demonstrate that Girdin is important for efficient cell division PMID: 22755556
50. Girdin regulates cell movement in biological contexts that require directional cell movement PMID: 22574214
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相關(guān)疾病：

PEHO-like syndrome (PEHOL)
亞細(xì)胞定位：

Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole.
蛋白家族：

CCDC88 family
組織特異性：

Expressed ubiquitously.
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接：

HGNC: 25523

OMIM: 609736

KEGG: hsa:55704

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000338728

UniGene: Hs.292925