This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine. In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone.

1. This study demonstrates the utility of CRISPR-Cas9 system in generating domain-specific in-frame deletions and helps gain further insights into structure-function of Tyr gene. PMID: 27224051
2. These results suggest that the tyrosinase-induced metabolism of rhodendrol causes melanocyte toxicity. PMID: 25713930
3. Data indicate that both ephedrannins A and B were competitive inhibitors of mushroom tyrosinase. PMID: 25857772
4. STAP-2 colocalized with tyrosinase in lysosomes and protected tyrosinase from protein degradation in B16F10 melanoma cells. PMID: 26023234
5. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 cells in vitro through increased tyrosinase degradation. PMID: 24562306
6. Studied upregulation by Kaliziri extract of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 and MITF expression in murine B16 melanoma cells. PMID: 24884952
7. The albino mutation of tyrosinase alters ocular angiogenic responsiveness. PMID: 23423728
8. Tyrosinase is mutated in the albino dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, arising from retinal ganglion cell misspecification together with potential perturbations of early activity patterns in the albino retina. PMID: 22492037
9. activated by ascorbic acid in B16 melanoma via p38 MAPK signaling and upregulation of melanogenic regulatory factors PMID: 21667118
10. Effect of zibuganshenfang on the expression and activity of tyrosinase on B16 cells PMID: 22256768
11. the schisis phenotype caused by the Rs1 mutation is rescued by a Tyr mutation in the C57BL/6J genetic background, strongly suggesting that Tyr is the Mor1 gene. PMID: 20876567
12. Data suggest that accumulation of tyrosinase in the endoplasmic reticulum of melanocytes leads to ER stress and activation of the unfolded protein response. PMID: 20444203
13. Data show that interfering with p38 MAPK expression stimulates melanogenesis and tyrosinase family protein expression. PMID: 20053998
14. role of P protein and tyrosinase in oculocutaneous albinism PMID: 12028586
15. processing is controlled by pink-eyed dilution protein PMID: 12058062
16. identified the tyrosinase gene (Tyr) as a modifier of the drainage structure phenotype in developmental glaucoma PMID: 12624268
17. Tyrosinase maturation and oligomerization in the endoplasmic reticulum require a melanocyte-specific factor PMID: 12724309
18. investigation of the boundary activity of locus control regions in transgenic animals and cells PMID: 14576318
19. tyrosinase has a role in fatty acid regulation of pigmentation PMID: 14739285
20. Interactions between N-linked glycans and lectin chaperones help to minimize tyrosinase aggregation and also target non-native substrates for retro-translocation and subsequent degradation PMID: 15161941
21. Tyrosinase is a subject to post-Golgi quality control. PMID: 15760341
22. tyrosinase has roles in the development of the visual system, as shown in a transgenic mouse model [review] PMID: 16146766
23. tyrosinase and related proteins as physiological substrates of presenilins and link gamma-secretase activity with intracellular protein transport PMID: 16384915
24. These results therefore suggest that proteasomes, particularly p27 subunit, are directly involved in the regulation of melanin biosynthesis in mouse melanoma cells. PMID: 16879986
25. a 186 kb BAC containing the tyrosinase gene provides transgene expression in both RPE and melanocytes indicating the presence of regulatory sequences required for expression in the RPE PMID: 17196956
26. Gallic acid effectively suppressed Tyr activity. PMID: 17541153
27. The inhibitory effect of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol on melanogenesis is due to the direct inhibition of melanosomal Tyr activity, rather than to the suppression of Tyr gene. PMID: 17541167
28. analysis of the mammalian tyrosinase active site with loss of function mutations PMID: 17850513
29. these data demonstrate that Tyrp1 interacts directly with Tyrosinase in vivo, which may regulate the stability and trafficking of melanogenic enzymes and thus pigment synthesis. PMID: 18042623
30. Results describe the molecular detection of circulating melanoma cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in human blood samples and in a xenograft mouse model. PMID: 18425346
31. the pigment-cell-specific cuproenzyme tyrosinase acquires copper only transiently and inefficiently within the trans-Golgi network of mouse melanocytes PMID: 18650808
32. tyrosinase as a beta1,6 branch containing glycoprotein: substrate of GnT-V PMID: 18655794
33. Data suggest that the tyrosinase promoter may be transiently active around E10 in subsets of precursor cells in the neural crest and intestines. PMID: 19220779

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Melanosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Melanosome.

Tyrosinase family

Expressed in the skin.

KEGG: mmu:22173

STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000004770

UniGene: Mm.238127